A length of ebonite has been drilled with a tapered bit to form the air way in the stem. A tenon is being turned
 on the Taig lathe to fit the mortise in the pipe. Once the tenon is turned to within a few thousands of an inch,
 the tenon is wet sanded until a close fit is achieved between the tenon and the mortise.

 A second larger tenon has been turned, and a decorative piece of spalted maple has been epoxied on the stem.
 Again, the wood is epoxied to the outside of the stem so no smoke will come in contact with the adhesive.

 The decorative wood piece and stem are being turned with a homemade graver. Watchmakers use gravers
 to turn small parts.

 The stem and the stummel have been roughed to shape. Now for the finish sanding.